A study related to this was recently published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, the official publication of the International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology. “Mitochondria: a new focus as an anti-aging target in skin care”1 confirms the important role of mitochondrial function in aging and advocates targeting mitochondria in the development of new products.
Here, we continue to explore the use of Schisandrin B and (−)Schisandrin B in the revolutionary new ingredient, Glissandrin™, which promises to change the way we approach skin care.
As discussed in previous articles, mitochondrial decay plays a fundamental role in the process of aging. Over time, cells lose the ability to function normally, falling victim to free radicals and the ensuing oxidative stress. The consequences of this appear as the visible signs of skin aging, including wrinkles, fine lines, age spots, loss of suppleness, and a marked deterioration in skin tone.
Glissandrin™
Glissandrin™ is a suite of natural compounds isolated from the Schisandra berry. Consisting mainly of Schisandrin B and (−)Schisandrin B, Glissandrin™ also comprises (±)γ-Schisandrin, Schisandrin A, and Schisandrin C. Extensive researchi on Glissandrin™ has confirmed its anti-aging properties on skin cells, most notably on its ability to target the fundamental cause of aging: mitochondrial decay.
Research Findings
A. Mitochondrial decay in skin cells can be reversed by topical application of Glissandrin™
A 3-day application of Glissandrin™ cream (2% and 5%) to skin cells caused a dose-dependent increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) and α-tocopherol (α-Toc) levels in skin mitochondria. Glissandrin™ cream is able to enhance the antioxidant capacity of mitochondria and to reverse mitochondrial decay in aging skin cells.
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| Figure 1: Glissandrin™ enhances mitochondrial antioxidant capacity in the skin |
Cream containing 2% or 5% Glissandrin™ was applied to skin cells on a daily basis for 3 days. The control group was treated with cream containing no Glissandrin™. Skin tissues were isolated and mitochondrial fractions were prepared. Mitochondrial reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol levels were measured. P < 0.05 when compared to the control, using Student’s t-test.
iGlissandrin™ is the result of over 20 years of research and development at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), led by Dr. Robert Ko, Professor of Life Science. HKUST was ranked 41st worldwide among research universities by Times Higher Education in 2010.
B. Mitochondrial functional capabilities in skin cells can be enhanced by topical
application of Glissandrin™
Glissandrin™ also dose-dependently increased mitochondrial ATP (cellular energy) production in human skin cells, indicative of enhancement in mitochondrial functional ability.
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| Figure 2: Glissandrin™ enhances the mitochondrial functional ability in human skin cells |
Cultured human skin cells were incubated with Glissandrin™ at the indicated concentration for 24
or 48 hours. ATP generation capacity was measured in situ and data were expressed as the
percentage of control. P < 0.05 when compared to the control, using Student’s t-test.
C. In-vivo and in-vitro studies have confirmed other properties of Glissandrin™
that are beneficial to the skin2:
• Emolliating proliferative skin conditions2
• Enhancing the natural antioxidative capabilities in skin cells3
• Increasing the expression of cellular heat shock proteins, thereby alerting
the skin to adverse external environmental factors3 4
• Suppressing inflammation5
• Inhibiting the production of collagenase, an enzyme that destroys collagen
• Protecting skin cells from solar radiation – particularly UV – and repairing skin cells with UV damage5 6
• Reducing the destruction of elastin, a protein in the skin matrix responsible for skin elasticity6
• Inhibiting ATR protein kinase activity (cancer prevention)7
Glissandrin™ has been clinically tested to be safe for even the most sensitive skin, especially for users who experience adverse reactions to most skincare products.
The desired level of biological availability and the purity of chemical compositions of
Glissandrin™ are standardized through a proprietary process developed specifically for its
manufacturing. Furthermore, the concentrations of the constituent compounds have been
formulated for easy absorption, optimal efficacy, and a luxurious feel when applied to the skin.
Conclusion
The International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology has spoken1, and its message is clear: targeting mitochondrial decay is now the goal of the anti-aging industry.
Without understanding and addressing mitochondrial decay, the leading cause of skin aging, most skincare products are ill-equipped to provide the real, sustainable results they promise. Fortunately, Glissandrin™ is available todayii as the ultimate anti-aging skincare solution.iii
iiGlissandrin™ formulations are available under a licensing agreement.
iiiGlissandrin™ formulations are covered by the following patents:
US Non-Provisional Patent # US 7,276,257 B2
US Non-Provisional Patent # US 7,396,544 B2
US Non-Provisional Patent Publication No. 2008/0167372 A1
MLM, or direct sales) dedicated to providing effective anti-aging skincare through its holistic approach to skin health. Glissandra’s comprehensive skincare system is the result of over 23 years of research and development at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, led by Dr. Robert Ko. Over 160 research papers have been published on its key proprietary ingredient, Glissandrin™, a suite of natural compounds extracted from the Schisandra berry. In-vivo and in-vitro studies have proven the ability of Glissandrin™ to address mitochondrial decay, the leading cause of aging, and to enhance the cell’s natural ability to fight oxidative damage. (http://glissandra.com).
1. “Mitochondria: a new focus as an anti-aging target in skin care”; Menon et al, Global R&D, ISP Corporation, New Jersey, USA; Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 2010, Wiley Periodicals Inc.
2. “Composition and Biological Activity of Different Extract from Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis”; Huyke, et al., Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany; Planta Medica 2007.
3. “Schisandrin B-induced increase in cellular glutathione level and protection against oxidant injury are mediated by the enhancement of glutathione synthesis and regeneration in AML12 and H9c2 cells”, Ko et al., Biofactors 2006; 26: 221-230.
4. “Hepatoprotective mechanism of Schisandrin B: Role of mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status and heat shock proteins”, Ko et al., Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2003; 35: 368-380.
5. “Composition and Biological Activity of Different Extracts from Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis”, Huyke et al., Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Freiberg, Germany, Planta Med 2007 73: 1116-1126.
6. “Schisandrin B protects against solar irradiation-induced oxidative injury in BJ human fibroblasts”; Ko et al.; Department of Biochemistry, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Fitoterapia 82 (2011) 682-691.
7. “Inhibition of ATR protein kinase activity by Schisandrin B in DNA damage response”,
H. Nishida et al., Department of Applied Life Science, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences; Nucleic Acids Research 2009, Vol. 37, No. 17.
H. Nishida et al., Department of Applied Life Science, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences; Nucleic Acids Research 2009, Vol. 37, No. 17.
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